Endocrinology and Nephrology

Systemic disorders such as diabetes mellitus and autoimmune disease can affect the kidneys, and vice versa, disorders can ensue on the basis of acute or chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease worldwide has been reported to be prevalent in 10% to 15% of the general population, and the treatment of patients with kidney disease represents a complex challenge. Endocrine disrupting chemicals including heavy metals may contribute to the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. There is known considerable overlap between nephrology and endocrinology, borne by common pathophysiologic inter-relationships. Although the kidney plays a central role in body homeostasis, i.e., fluid and electrolyte balance, as well as regulatory control of blood pressure, one has to realize that it is not simply an excretory organ, as it exerts multiple endocrine functions, in fact, playing a significant role involving hormones involved in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, erythropoietin.

The filtering feature of the kidneys doesn’t work properly, and proteins start to leak from the blood into the urine. High blood glucose degrees can also purpose scarring of the glomerulus (referred to as glomerulosclerosis). As the scarring gets worse, the kidneys prevent being capable of clear out waste products from the blood. When enough glomeruli were broken, kidney failure outcomes. People who've diabetic nephropathy also often have excessive blood pressure. High blood pressure can similarly contribute to kidney damage.

  • Symptoms
  • Risk factors
  • Complications
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment